Snap Circuits Basic Electricity SCP-10 Handleiding

Snap Circuits Speelgoed Basic Electricity SCP-10

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(800) 533-2441 Fax: (847) 520-0085 e-mail: elenco@elenco.com Website: www.elenco.com or www.snapcircuits.net● ●

WARNING: SHOCK HAZARD -

Never connect Snap Circuits®

to the electrical outlets in your

home in any way!

WARNING: Always check your wiring before

turning on a circuit. Never leave a circuit

unattended while the batteries are installed.

Never connect additional batteries or any other

power sources to your circuits.

Basic Electricity

Model SCP-10

753159

Snap Circuits®uses electronic

blocks that snap onto a base

grid to build different circuits.

These blocks have different

colors and numbers on them so

that you can easily identify

them. Build the circuit shown by

placing all the parts with a black

1next to them on the clear base

grid first. Then, assemble parts

marked with a . Install three (3)2

“AA” batteries (not included)

into the battery holder (B3).

Set the meter (M5) to the 1A

setting.

Turn on the slide switch (S1).

The lamp (L4) comes on, and

the meter measures how much

electric current is flowing.

Project 1 Project 2 Lamp Current Batteries in Series

Electricity is the movement of sub-atomic charged

particles through a material due to electrical pressure

across the material, such as from a battery. Power

sources, like batteries, push electricity through a circuit,

like a pump pushes water through pipes. Wires carry

electricity, like pipes carry water. Devices like lamps use

the energy in electricity to do things. Switches control the

flow of electricity like valves and faucets control water.

The electrical pressure exerted by a battery or other

power source is called and is measured in voltage volts

(V). The “+” and “–” signs on a battery indicate which

direction it will “pump” electricity.

The is a measure of how fast electricityelectric current

is flowing in a wire, just as the water current describes

how fast water is flowing in a pipe. It is expressed in

amperes milliamps(A) or (mA = 1/1,000 of an ampere).

The “ ” of electricity is a measure of how fast energypower

is moving through a wire. It is a combination of the voltage

and current (Power = Voltage x Current). It is expressed in

watts (W).

The of a component or circuit represents howresistance

much it resists the electrical pressure (voltage) and limits the

flow of electric current. The relationship is Voltage = Current

x Resistance. When resistance increases, less current flows.

Resistance is measured in ( ).ohms W

If desired, use the voltage measured here (with 3 batteries) and the

current measured in project 1 to calculate the resistance and power of

the lamp:

Resistance equals Voltage divided by Current, and should be about 15

ohms. Power equals Voltage times Current, and should be about 1 Watt.

Your results may be different, because M5 is a simple meter with low

accuracy, and your battery voltage can vary.

Set the meter (M5) to the 5V setting, and turn on the slide

switch (S1). The lamp (L4) comes on, and the meter measures

the voltage from the 3 batteries.

Part B: Remove the left battery from the holder (B3), then snap

one side of the red jumper jumper on as shown, and touch

metal on the other end to the left spring in the battery holder.

Read the voltage on the meter, measuring 2 batteries, and

notice how the lamp is dimmer.

Part C: Now also remove the center battery from the holder and

touch metal on the end of the red jumper wire to the center

spring in the holder. Read the voltage on the meter, measuring

1 battery, and notice how the lamp is dimmer.

Placement

Level Numbers

Quiz answers:

1. B 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B

Batteries are like electrical pressure, pushing electricity

through a circuit. Adding more batteries increases the

flow of electricity, making the lamp brighter.

Part B:

Part C:

Project 4 Heavy Load

Modify the preceding circuit

to match this one. Set the

meter (M5) to the 1A setting

and turn on the switch (S1).

The meter measures the

current. Try removing one

or two lamps and see how

the current changes. Also

try this circuit with both new

strong batteries and with old

weak ones.

This circuit is pictured on the front of the box, use that picture to help

in building it. Set the meter (M5) to the 5V setting. Turn on the slide

switch (S1) and use the meter to measure the voltage at points A, B,

C, D, & E in the circuit by connecting the end of the red jumper wire

to each of those points (the drawing shows it connected to point C).

Next, repeat the voltage measurements at points A, B, C, D, & E

while pushing the press switch (S2).

Project 3 Triple Voltage Divider

Placement

Level Numbers

The circuit has three lamps connected in series, or two when S2 is pressed (S2 bypasses the last one).

A. Point A is the “+” battery terminal, so the meter is always measuring the battery voltage.

B. When S1 is on, point B is connected to the batteries, so the voltage will be the same as point A. When

S1 is off, the voltage is zero.

C. Point C measures the voltage after one lamp and across the other two, so should be about 2/3 of the

battery voltage. When S2 is pressed, the last lamp is bypassed, so point C is measuring across one of

the two remaining lamps, so should be approximately 1/2 of the battery voltage.

D. Point D measures the voltage after two lamps and across the last one, so should be about 1/3 of the

battery voltage. When S2 is pressed, the last lamp is bypassed, so point D is zero volts just like point E.

E. Point E is the “—” battery terminal, and will always be zero.

Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law, an important rule for analyzing circuits, says the total voltage driving a circuit must

equal the voltage drops within it. So the voltage drops across all of the lamps should equal the battery

voltage. (Your measurements may be a little different, because M5 is a simple meter with low accuracy.)

Set the meter (M5) to the 5V setting,

and initially keep the switch (S1) off.

The meter measures the battery

voltage with the lamps (L4) off.

Now turn the switch on to light the

lamps, and see if the battery voltage

changes. Next, remove one or two of

the lamps and compare the voltage.

Try this project with both new strong

batteries and with old weak ones.

Compare how the voltage changes

when you turn the switch on.

Project 5 Heavy Flow

In this circuit, electricity flows out

of the batteries, through the meter,

then divides among the 3 lamps,

then all flows back to the batteries

through the switch.

The 3 lamps are connected in

parallel, because the current flow

divides among them. If one of the

lamps burns out, the others will

still work because has its own path

for electricity to flow along.

Batteries produce electricity using a chemical reaction,

and only a limited amount of the chemicals can react

together at once. Also, the chemical reaction slows as the

batteries get weaker. When a circuit wants more

electricity than the batteries can supply, the voltage

(electrical pressure) drops.

In this circuit, lighting all three lamps takes a lot of

electricity, so the voltage drops a little when the switch is

turned on. The drop in voltage is much greater for weak

old batteries than for strong new ones.

Set the meter (M5) to the 1A setting and turn on the switch (S1). The

lamps light and the meter measures the electric current flow. Try

rearranging the parts in the circuit (keeping the “+” side of the meter

aligned with the “+” side of the batteries) and how it affects the circuit.

Next, try replacing any of the lamps (L4) with the press switch (S2)

and push it.

This circuit has the lamps connected in

a series (not in parallel, as in project 5).

This arrangement makes the lamps

dimmer because the battery voltage is

divided among the 3 lamps, but also

makes the batteries last longer

because less current is flowing.

Electricity from the batteries flows in a

loop, equally through each component

in the circuit.

Rearranging the components in a

series circuit does not change it,

because the same amount of electricity

is flowing through each component.

Replacing one of the lamps with the

press switch increases the current,

because the pressed switch has no

resistance to the flow of electricity.

If several lamps are arranged in series

and one burns out, none will work

because the only path for electricity is

blocked.

Project 8

Fast Bright, Slow Dim

Incandescent light bulbs, like those in the L4 lamps, make

light by passing a big electric current through a special

resistive wire (the filament), which gets so hot that it glows.

The two left bulbs (A & B) get less current than the right bulb

The meter measures the voltage cross left lamps A & B.

This voltage will be low when the left lamps are dim. When

you remove lamp B, both remaining lamps have the same

voltage across them and the same current through them.

In part A, you might have expected left lamps A & B to be

half as bright as the right lamp (C), because the current

through lamp C should divide equally between lamps A & B,

but instead lamps A & B are much dimmer. This occurs

because bulb filaments offer less resistance to the flow of

electricity when they are cold, and increase in resistance as

they heat up. Your L4 lamps have resistance of less than 5

ohms when they are cold, and about 15 ohms then bright.

Project 7 Find Your Own Parts

Build the circuit shown; the can be

anything you want. Set the meter (M5) to

the 1A setting and turn on the switch

(S1). Touch various materials between

the snaps on the 4-snap wire and

batttery holder “—” side. Use the red

jumper wire to help make a connection if

needed. See which materials are good

at transporting electricity by watching the

meter current and lamp (L4) brightness.

If the meter reads zero, switch it to the

1mA setting to see if there is just a very

small current. With the 1mA meter

setting, try placing two of your fingers

across the snaps to see how well you

transport electricity; wet your fingers to

get better electrical contact. To help

protect the meter, always switch back to

the 1A scale before testing a new circuit.

Part A: Set the meter (M5) to the 5V setting. Push the press switch (S2)

for several seconds, while watching the meter. The meter is measuring

the voltage across the two left lamps (labeled A & B); its reading jumps

up when the switch is pressed, then slowly rises more for a few

seconds. Push the switch again while closely watching the lamps A &

B. Notice how lamps A & B initially are off, but turn on dimly within a

second or two.

Note: The voltage measured in this step will be small; in some cases in

may even be too small to measure with your M5 meter. M5 is a simple

meter, don’t expect it to be as accurate as normal electronic test

instruments.

Part B: Remove lamp B, and push the switch again. Now both

remaining lamps (A & C) get equally bright fast, and the meter shows a

higher voltage across the left lamp (A).

Part C: Replace the right lamp (C) with a 3-snap wire, and push the

switch again. Now the left lamp (A) gets the full battery voltage, as

shown on the meter.

Project 6 Loop

Product specificaties

Merk:	Snap Circuits
Categorie:	Speelgoed
Model:	Basic Electricity SCP-10
Kleur van het product:	Transparant
Gebruikershandleiding:	Ja
Stroombron:	Batterij/Accu
Aanbevolen leeftijd (min):	8 jaar
Type verpakking:	Doos
Ondersteund aantal accu's/batterijen:	3
Voorgesteld geslacht:	Jongen/meisje
Batterijen vereist:	Ja
Aantal stuks:	30 stuk(s)
Thema:	Elektriciteit
Batterijen inbegrepen:	Nee
Type product:	Elektrische set
Type batterij:	AA
EU TSD-waarschuwing:	Niet geschikt voor kinderen onder de 36 maanden
Awards:	Stuurpen