Land Rover Defender 110 (1999) Handleiding

Land Rover Auto's Defender 110 (1999)

Lees hieronder de 📖 handleiding in het Nederlandse voor Land Rover Defender 110 (1999) (191 pagina's) in de categorie Auto's. Deze handleiding was nuttig voor 15 personen en werd door 2 gebruikers gemiddeld met 4.5 sterren beoordeeld

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Pagina 1/191

Owner’s Handbook

Instruktieboekje

Manuel du Conducteur

Betriebsanleitung

Manuale di Istruzioni

Manual del Conductor

Manual do Proprietário

Owner’s HandbookOwner’s Handbook

DEFENDER 90 - 110 - 130

Td5 -Tdi- V8

CONTENTS

SECTION 1 .......................................................... 1Introduction

SECTION 2 ........................................ 7Controls & instruments

SECTION 3 ............................................. 45Driving & operating

SECTION 4 ............................................. 79Owner maintenance

SECTION 5 ........................................ 123Workshop maintenance

SECTION 6 ......................................................... 155General data

SECTION 7 ............................................... 169Parts & accessories

SECTION 8 .................................................... 173Off-road driving

Index ..................................................................... 185

In-car entertainment

Forecourt data card

As part of the Land Rover environmental policy, this publication is printed on paper

made from chlorine free pulp.

 Rover Group Limited 1999 Publication Part No. LRL 0336ENG

OWNER’S HANDBOOK

This handbook covers all current versions of

Land Rover Defender petrol and diesel models

and, together with the Service Portfolio book,

provides all the information you need to derive

maximum pleasure from owning and driving

your new vehicle.

For convenience, the handbook is divided into

sections, each dealing with a particular aspect

of driving or caring for the vehicle. Sections

are listed on the contents page; you will find it

worthwhile to take a little time to read each

one, and to get to know your Defender as

soon as you possibly can. Remember, the

more you understand before you drive, the

greater the satisfaction when you are seated

behind the steering wheel.

The specification of each vehicle will vary

according to territorial requirements and

also from model to model within the vehicle

range. Some of the information published in

this handbook, therefore, may not apply to

your particular vehicle.

SECTION 1

Introduction

Section Contents Page

Service portfolio 3..........................................

Warning labels 3.............................................

Vehicle identification number 4.......................

Anti-theft precautions 4..................................

Breakdown safety code 5................................

Land Rover operates a policy of

constant product improvement and,

therefore, reserves the right to change

specifications without notice at any

time. Whilst every effort is made to

ensure complete accuracy of the

information in this handbook, no

liabilities for inaccuracies or the

consequences thereof can be accepted

by the manufacturer or the dealer,

except in respect of personal injury

caused by the negligence of the

manufacturer or the dealer.

publication may be reproduced, stored

in a retrieval system or transmitted, in

any form, electronic, mechanical,

photocopying, recording, or other

means without prior written permission

from Rover Group Limited.

Introduction

SERVICE PORTFOLIO

The Service Portfolio book included in your

literature pack contains important vehicle

identification information and details of your

entitlement under the terms of the Land Rover

warranty.

Most important of all, however, is the section

on maintenance. This outlines the servicing

requirements for your vehicle and also

includes the 1500 km (1,000 mile) Free

Service Voucher, as well as incorporating the

service record slips, which the dealer should

sign and stamp to certify that routine services

have been carried out at the recommended

intervals.

WARNING

Safety warnings are included in this

handbook. These indicate either a procedure

which must be followed precisely, or

information that should be considered with

great care in order to avoid the possibility of

personal injury or serious damage to the

vehicle.

WARNING LABELS ATTACHED TO THE

VEHICLE

Warning labels attached to

your vehicle bearing this

symbol mean: DO NOT touch

or adjust components until you have read

the relevant instructions in the handbook.

Warning labels showing this

symbol indicate that the

ignition system utilises very

high voltages. DO NOT touch any ignition

components while the starter switch is

turned on!

WARNING

Your vehicle has a higher ground clearance

and, therefore, a higher centre of gravity

than ordinary passenger cars. This will

result in different handling characteristics.

Inexperienced drivers should take additional

care, particularly in off-road driving

situations and when performing abrupt

manoeuvres on unstable surfaces.

Introduction

VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (VIN)

If you need to communicate with a Land

Rover dealer, you may be asked to quote the

Vehicle Identification Number (VIN).

The VIN and recommended maximum vehicle

weights (dependent on market) is stamped on

a plate riveted to the top of the brake pedal

box in the engine compartment (this should

also match the VIN recorded in the Service

Portfolio book). The VIN is also stamped on

the right-hand side of the chassis, forward of

the spring mounting turret.

In addition, as a deterrent to car thieves and to

assist the police, the VIN is also stamped on a

plate visible through the left side of the

windscreen.

A. Type approval

B. Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)

C. Gross vehicle weight (where required)

D. Gross train weight (where required)

E. Maximum front axle load (where required)

F. Maximum rear axle load (where required)

NOTE: In the interests of safety, it is essential

that the gross vehicle weight, gross train

weight and axle loads are NOT exceeded. For

further information see ’General data’.

ANTI-THEFT PRECAUTIONS

While it may be difficult to deter the

’professional’ car thief, the majority of thefts

are carried out by unskilled opportunists.

Therefore, take vehicle security very seriously

and ALWAYS adopt this simple ’five point’

drill whenever you leave your vehicle - even

for just a few minutes:

•Fully close all the windows (and the

sunroof).

•Remove your valuable belongings (or hide

them out of sight).

•Remove the starter key.

•Engage the steering lock (by slightly

turning the wheel until it locks).

•Lock all the doors.

Thieves are attracted to ’vulnerable’ vehicles.

Even if you have followed the ’five point’ drill,

there is still much you can do to make your

vehicle a less inviting target.

BE SAFE NOT SORRY!

•Park where your vehicle can easily be seen

by householders and passers-by.

•At night, park in well lit areas and avoid

deserted or dimly lit side streets.

•At home, if you have a garage, use it - and

NEVER leave the keys in the vehicle.

•Do not keep important vehicle documents

(or spare keys) in the vehicle - these are a

real bonus for the thief.

Introduction

IMPORTANT INFORMATION

Remember the breakdown

safety code

If a breakdown occurs while travelling:-

•Wherever possible, consistent with

road safety and traffic conditions,

the vehicle should be moved off the

main thoroughfare, preferably into a

lay-by. If a breakdown occurs on a

motorway, pull well over to the

inside of the hard shoulder.

• Switch on hazard lights.

•If possible, position a warning

triangle or a flashing amber light at

an appropriate distance from the

vehicle to warn other traffic of the

breakdown (note the legal

requirements of some countries).

•Consider evacuating passengers

through nearside doors onto the

verge as a precaution in case your

Defender is struck by another

vehicle.

In this section of the handbook you will find

descriptions of the controls and instruments

on your vehicle.

For your own safety, it is most important to

read this section fully and to gain a thorough

understanding of all the controls before

driving.

SECTION 2

Controls & instruments

Section Contents Page

Controls 9.......................................................

Locks & alarm 11...........................................

Seats 21.........................................................

Seat belts 24...................................................

Instruments 28...............................................

Warning lights 29...........................................

Lights & indicators 32....................................

Wipers & washers 34.....................................

Switches 36....................................................

Windows 37...................................................

Sunroof 38.....................................................

Heating & ventilation 39.................................

Air conditioning 42.........................................

Interior equipment 44.....................................

Controls

Right hand steering

1. Ventilator control

2. Rear screen wash/wipe switch

3. Radio/cassette player

4. Ashtray

5. Cigar lighter

6. Bonnet release handle

7. Ventilator control

8. Heater fan control

9. Lighting, direction indicators and horn

control

10.Instrument and warning light pack

11.Clock

12.Heater controls

13.Hand throttle - if fitted

14.Headlight adjuster

15.Main gear lever

16.Transfer gear lever

17.Handbrake

18.Main lighting switch

19.Clutch pedal

20.Brake pedal

21.Accelerator pedal

22.Rear fog guard lights, heated rear window

and hazard warning light switches

23.Windscreen wash/wipe control

NOTE: The precise specification and location of controls may vary according to territorial

requirements and from model to model within the vehicle ranges.

Locks & Alarm

KEYS

You have been supplied with two sets of keys,

comprising:

•a black key for operating the starter

switch.

•a plain, metal, key for operating the door

locks.

•A smaller metal key (marked ’FUEL’) to

operate the fuel filler cap lock.

Key numbers

The starter key number is stamped on a tag

attached to the key ring. Both key numbers

should be entered on the Security Information

card.

WARNING

For safety, remove the Security Information

card from the literature pack and keep it

with the key tag, and spare keys in a safe

place - AWAY FROM THE VEHICLE!

Front door locks

From outside the vehicle, the door locks can

ONLY be operated with the key. Turn the key

towards the rear to lock and towards the front

to unlock.

Door sill locking buttons

From inside the vehicle, each door can be

individually locked by depressing the

appropriate sill locking button.

WARNING

DO NOT depress the sill buttons as a means

of locking the doors from outside the vehicle

(this practice - known as ’slam locking’ - is

NOT recommended, because keys can be

locked inside accidentally).

Locks & Alarm

Child-proof locks

(110 Station wagon)

Move the locking levers down to engage the

child-proof locks (see illustration).

With the locks engaged, the rear doors cannot

be opened from inside the vehicle, thereby

reducing the risk of a door being opened

accidentally while the vehicle is moving.

Taildoor

(if fitted)

From outside, use the door key to lock and

unlock the taildoor. From inside and with the

door closed, push the locking button up to

lock and down to unlock (as illustration).

Locks & Alarm

ALARM SYSTEM

(if fitted)

Your vehicle is fitted with a sophisticated

anti-theft alarm and engine immobilisation

system. In order to combine maximum vehicle

security with minimum inconvenience, you are

advised to gain a full understanding of the

alarm system by thoroughly reading this

section of the handbook.

Features of the alarm system

Perimeter protection: This part of the alarm

system protects the doors, bonnet and

taildoor against unauthorised entry - the alarm

sounding if any one of these apertures is

opened without the alarm first being

disarmed.

Interior protection: Also known as volumetric

protection, this part of the system protects the

space inside the vehicle. If movement within

the passenger compartment, or intrusions

through the windows or sunroof are detected,

the alarm will sound.

Engine immobilisation: The engine is

immobilised electronically whenever the alarm

system is armed. Even if the alarm has not

been armed, engine immobilisation will occur

automatically thirty seconds after the driver’s

door is opened, or five minutes after the

starter switch is turned to position ’0’.

In practice, this means it is virtually

impossible to leave your Defender unattended

without the engine being immobilised.

ARMING THE ALARM

WARNING

If a passenger or animal is to be left inside

the vehicle, or if a window or sunroof is to

be left open, interior protection must be

disabled. Refer to ’Interior protection’

before arming the alarm.

To arm the alarm, aim the handset at the

Defender and press the right hand button

(PADLOCK SYMBOL). Provided all the doors

and other apertures are closed, the direction

indicator lights will flash three times to

confirm that the alarm is armed. All the

security features described previously will be

active.

Once armed, the alarm will sound if a door or

the bonnet is opened, or if movement is

detected inside the vehicle.

Locks & Alarm

If an incorrect code has been entered:

If the code is entered incorrectly, the anti-theft

indicator light will continue to illuminate and

the engine will fail to start. Before entering the

code again, turn the starter switch to position

’II’ and hold in this position for 5 seconds.

After three failed attempts, the security

system invokes a delay period of thirty

minutes during which the system will not

accept any further codes.

WARNING

•NEVER leave the Security Information

card in the vehicle.

•Memorize the emergency key access

code or keep the Security Information

card on your person in case of

emergencies.

Locks & Alarm

HANDSET BATTERY

IMPORTANT INFORMATION

•BEFORE replacing a handset battery,

disarm the alarm and unlock the

doors.

•DO NOT remove an expired battery

until you are ready to install the

replacement.

•The engine will immobilise five

minutes after the key is removed

from the starter switch. If handset

battery replacement is NOT

completed within this period, the

emergency key access code will

have to be entered before the

handset can be synchronised.

The handset battery should last for

approximately three years dependent upon

use. When the battery needs replacing it will

be apparent from the following symptoms:

•The handset will only work every other

operation while disarming.

•The direction indicator lights will not flash

when the alarm is disarmed.

Locks & Alarm

Always fit a Land Rover STC4080 or a

Panasonic CR2032 replacement battery

(available from a Land Rover dealer) and

adopt the following replacement procedure:

1) Unlock the vehicle and disarm the alarm

system.

2) Turn the starter switch to position ’II’, then

turn to position ’0’ and remove the key.

3) Carefully prise the handset apart, start from

the keyring end using a coin or small

screwdriver. Avoid damaging the seal between

the two halves of the case and DO NOT allow

dirt or moisture to get inside the handset.

4) Slide the battery out of its clip, taking care

to avoid touching the circuit board or the

contact surfaces of the clip.

5) Press and hold one of the buttons for at

least five seconds (this will drain any residual

power from the handset).

6) Fit the new battery, ensuring that correct

polarity is maintained (positive (’+’) side

facing up). Finger marks will adversely affect

battery life; if possible, avoid touching the flat

surfaces of the battery and wipe them clean

before fitting.

7) Reassemble the two halves of the handset,

then operate the PADLOCK symbol button at

least four times within range of the vehicle to

resynchronise the handset.

The handset is now ready for use.

WARNING

The handset contains delicate electronic

circuits and must be protected from impact

and water damage, high temperatures and

humidity, direct sunlight and the effects of

solvents, waxes and abrasive cleaners.

Seats

FOLDING THE REAR SEATS - (if fitted)

Before folding the rear seats;

•Slide the front seats forward.

•Ensure that the outer rear seat belts are

correctly stowed in their belt clips.

•Pass the seat belt locks through the

junction of the backrest and the cushion

and into the loadspace.

Individually split rear seats

NOTE: The two outer seats must be folded

first, thereby releasing the centre seat.

Outer seats;

1. Release the catch (see first inset).

2. Fold the backrest forward.

3. Slide back the bolt (see second inset).

4. Lift and fold the seat base forwards.

Centre seat;

5. Release the catch - as (1).

6. Fold the backrest forward.

7. Lift and fold the seat base forwards.

When returning the backrest to the upright

position, ensure it is securely latched in place

before driving.

WARNING

DO NOT adjust the seats while the vehicle is

in motion.

When the seat is erected, the latching

mechanism should be visually checked and

physically tested to ensure that the latch is

secure before driving.

Seat belts

SEAT BELT SAFETY

Seat belts are life saving equipment.

In a collision, unrestrained passengers can be

thrown around inside the vehicle, or possibly

thrown out of the vehicle, resulting in injury to

themselves and to other occupants. DO NOT

take chances with safety!

•DO make sure ALL passengers are

securely strapped in at all times - even for

the shortest journeys.

•ALWAYS adjust seat belts to eliminate any

slack in the webbing, and to ensure that

the diagonal belt passes across the

shoulder without slipping off or pressing

on the neck.

•ALWAYS fit the lap strap as low on the

hips as possible (never across the

abdomen).

•DO have seat belts checked if the vehicle

has been involved in an accident.

•DO NOT allow front seat occupants to

travel with the seat backs reclined steeply

rearwards. Optimum benefit is obtained

from the seat belt with the seat back angle

set to 25 degrees from the upright

(vertical) position.

•DO NOT fit more than one person into a

belt, or fit a seat belt that is twisted or

obstructed in any way that could impede

its smooth operation.

•DO NOT allow foreign matter (particularly

sugary food and drink particles) to enter

the seat belt locks - such substances can

render the locks inoperative.

WARNING

Pregnant women should ask a doctor for

advice about the safest way to wear seat

belts.

Seat belts

WARNING

At all times, occupants should wear a seat

belt for their protection in the event of a

collision or sudden stop. In some

circumstances, perhaps due to the vehicle

being on a slope, the automatic locking

mechanism may engage, preventing the

initial extension of the belt. This is not a

fault - ease the belt free and use it.

Fastening the inertia reel belts

Draw the belt over the shoulder and across

the chest, and insert the metal tongue plate

into the lock nearest the wearer - a ’click’

indicates that the belt is securely locked.

Seat belts are designed to bear upon the bony

structure of the body (pelvis, chest and

shoulders) and can only be worn safely with

the webbing crossing the shoulder MIDWAY

BETWEEN THE NECK AND THE EDGE OF THE

SHOULDER and with the seats in a normal

UPRIGHT position - DO NOT allow the front

passenger to travel with the seat steeply

reclined.

Lap belts

To adjust, pull the slider along the belt and

feed the webbing through the buckle until the

belt is comfortably tight. When not in use, the

lap belts should be fastened.

Instruments

1. Speedometer

Indicates road speed in miles and/or

kilometres per hour.

2. Anti-theft alarm indicator light

Indicates the status of the alarm system (see

’Locks & alarm’).

3. Total distance and trip recorder

Indicates the total distance or the individual

journey distance travelled by the vehicle.

4. Total distance and trip recorder

mode/reset button

Press and release the mode button to change

the digital display between either the total

distance the vehicle has travelled, or the

individual journey distance. Press and hold

the button to reset the trip recorder to zero.

5. Fuel gauge

The pointer indicates the fuel level when the

starter switch is turned to position ’II’.

6. Temperature gauge

Once the engine coolant has reached its

normal operating temperature, the pointer

should remain between the (cold) and’C’

’H’ (hot) segments. If the pointer enters the

’H’ segment, stop the vehicle as soon as

safety permits and seek qualified assistance

before continuing.

7. Clock

To adjust the time, use a ball point pen or

similar probe to advance or put back the time,

using the right or left hand buttons at the

bottom of the clock bezel.

NOTE: The clock will need to be reset if the

battery has been disconnected.

8. Warning lights

The specification of the warning lights will

vary according to model and market

requirements (see ’Warning lights’).

Warning lights

The warning lights are colour coded as

follows:

RED lights are warnings.

WARNING

DO NOT drive if a RED warning light remains

on once the engine is running or illuminates

whilst driving.

GREEN & BLUE lights indicate that a unit is

operating.

AMBER lights show that a unit is operating

and should be switched off (or rectified) as

soon as conditions allow.

Low engine oil pressure - RED

Illuminates as a bulb check

when the starter switch is

turned to position ’II’ and extinguishes when

the engine is running. If it remains on, or

illuminates whilst driving, STOP THE VEHICLE

as soon as safety permits and seek qualified

assistance before continuing. Always check oil

levels when this light illuminates.

NOTE: At very low ambient temperatures, the

light may take several seconds to extinguish.

Battery charging - RED

Illuminates as a bulb check

when the starter switch is

turned to position ’II’ and extinguishes when

the engine is running. If it remains on, or

illuminates whilst driving, a fault is indicated.

Seek qualified assistance urgently.

Handbrake & brake system-

RED

The light illuminates when the

handbrake is applied and extinguishes when it

is fully released. If the light illuminates while

the handbrake is released, a fault with the

braking system is indicated, check the brake

fluid level (see ). If the light’Maintenance’

continues to illuminate, seek qualified

assistance urgently.

Direction indicators - GREEN

Flashes in conjunction with the

direction indicators. If the light

does not illuminate, this may indicate a bulb

failure in the warning light pack or in one of

the direction indicator lights.

Headlight main beam - BLUE

Illuminates whenever the main

beam headlights are on.

Warning lights

Hazard warning lights - RED

Illuminates in conjunction with

the direction indicator warning

lights, when the hazard warning lights are

operated.

Differential lock - AMBER

Illuminates whenever the

differential lock is engaged.

If the light remains on after the differential

lock is disengaged, transmission ’wind up’

may be present. Reversing for a short

distance and then going forward will usually

’unwind’ the transmission. If the light remains

on, contact your dealer as soon as possible.

Heated rear screen - AMBER

Illuminates when the rear

screen heater is operating.

Engine immobilisation - RED

Flashes during any attempt to

start the engine when the

engine is immobilised.

Trailer direction indicators -

GREEN

Flashes in conjunction with the

vehicle direction indicator lights to show that

all trailer indicator lights are functioning

correctly. In the event of a bulb failure on the

trailer, the warning light flashes once and then

remains off.

NOTE: When a trailer is not fitted, the

warning light will only flash once.

Sidelights - GREEN

Illuminates whenever the

sidelights are on.

Rear fog guard lights - AMBER

Illuminates whenever the rear

fog guard lights are on.

REMEMBER: In clear conditions, rear fog

guard lights can dazzle other road users. Use

ONLY when visibility is severely restricted.

Glow plugs - AMBER

(diesels only)

Illuminates whenever the

starter switch is turned to position ’II’ if the

engine is cold. WAIT for the light to extinguish

before starting the engine.

Anti-lock braking system -

AMBER (if fitted)

Illuminates for approximately 1

second as a bulb and system check when the

starter switch is turned to position ’II’, and

briefly extinguishes before coming on again. If

the light does not extinguish and then come

on again, then a fault occurred with the ABS

system and you should consult a qualified

dealer at the earliest opportunity. The warning

light will remain on until the vehicle is driven

above approximately 5 mph (7 km/h).

If the light remains on or subsequently

illuminates while driving, a fault has been

detected by the self monitoring system. This

means that full ABS control may not be

available and you should consult your dealer

at the earliest opportunity.

Warning lights

Traction control - AMBER

(if fitted)

Illuminates as a bulb and

system check, when the starter switch is

turned to position ’II’ and extinguishes after

approximately 4 seconds. The light illuminates

for a minimum of 2 seconds, whenever

traction control is operating.

If the warning light flashes (for at least 10

seconds); this indicates that the traction

control has been operating for too long and

has temporarily shut down to allow the

system to cool down - this will only occur in

extreme conditions.

If the light illuminates continuously, a fault

with the system is indicated - seek qualified

assistance.

Transmission oil temperature

- RED (if fitted)

Illuminates when gearbox oil

temperature is too high (most likely to occur

in very hot weather, during continuous high

speed driving, when towing heavy loads on

steep inclines).

If the light illuminates, reduce speed. If the

light remains on, stop the vehicle and do not

drive until it has extinguished.

Check engine - AMBER

(Td5 models only)

Illuminates as a bulb and

system check when the starter switch is

turned to position ’II’ and extinguishes after

approximately 3 seconds. Illumination at any

other time indicates an engine fault - if the

light illuminates, avoid high speeds and seek

qualified assistance urgently.

Fuel filter - AMBER

(Td5 models only)

Illuminates as a bulb check

when the starter switch is turned to position

’II’ and extinguishes after approximately 2

seconds. If the light illuminates while driving,

this indicates the presence of excessive

amounts of water in the fuel. You may

continue driving, but should seek qualified

assistance at the earliest opportunity.

Low fuel - AMBER

Illuminates when the fuel

remaining in the tank drops to

a minimum of 2 gallons (9 litres). If the light

illuminates, refuel at the first opportunity.

Cold start - AMBER

(Petrol engines only)

Illuminates when the cold start

control is selected and extinguishes when the

cold start control is pushed fully in.

Wipers & washers

WARNING

To prevent possible overload damage to the

linkage or the wiper motors in either

freezing or extremely hot conditions, care

must be taken to ensure that the wiper

blades are not adhering to the glass before

operating the wipers.

WINDSCREEN WIPERS

• Single wipe

Push the lever up against spring pressure

and release immediately.

NOTE: With the lever held up, the wipers will

continue operating at slow speed until it is

released.

• Intermittent wipe

Pull lever down.

• Normal speed wipe

Push lever up to first position.

• Fast speed wipe

Push lever up to second position.

• Windscreen washer

Press to operate (the wipers will also

operate).

Wipers & washers

Rear window wash/wipe

The rear window wash/wipe only operates

with the starter switch turned to position ’II’.

•Press and hold to operate the washer.

•Rotate clockwise and hold to operate the

wiper for the required duration.

IMPORTANT INFORMATION

•DO NOT operate the wipers on a dry

screen.

•In freezing or very hot conditions,

ensure that the blades are not frozen

or stuck to the glass.

•In winter, remove any snow or ice

from around the arms and blades,

including the wiped area of the

windscreen and the heater air

intakes.

NOTE: If the wiper blades have stuck to

the glass, a thermal cut-out may

temporarily prevent the wiper motor from

operating. If this is the case, switch the

wipers off, free them from the

obstruction and then switch on again.

Switches

Heated rear window (if fitted)

Press the lower portion of the

switch to operate; press the

upper portion to switch off. The

warning light in the instrument panel

illuminates while the heating elements are

switched on and extinguishes when they are

turned off.

WARNING

DO NOT stick labels over the heating

elements, and DO NOT scrape or use

abrasive materials to clean the inside of the

rear window.

Hazard warning lights

Press the lower portion of the

switch to operate (switch

indicator illuminates); all the

direction indicator lights (including those

fitted to a trailer) will flash in conjunction with

each other.

Use ONLY in an emergency to warn other

road users when your stationary vehicle is

causing an obstruction, or is in a hazardous

situation. Switch off by pressing the upper

portion before moving away.

Rear fog guard lights (if fitted)

Press to switch on and off, the

warning light in the instrument

panel illuminates when the fog

lights are on. The rear fog guard lights operate

only when the starter switch is at position ’II’

and when the headlights are switched on.

NOTE: The rear fog guard lights extinguish

automatically when the ignition or the

headlights are switched off and will need to be

reselected manually.

WARNING

The rear fog guard lights can only legally be

used when visibility is severely restricted -

other road users could be dazzled in clear

conditions.

Windows

WINDOWS

Front/rear windows;

Raise or lower the window by rotating the

handle mounted on the door trim pad.

Sliding rear windows; (if fitted)

To open, press the catch tongues together,

slide the window to the desired position and

release the catch, ensuring that it locates

securely in the sockets, locking the window in

position.

Sunroof

SUNROOF (if fitted)

The sunroof can be opened to varying degrees

or, if required, can be removed completely.

To OPEN the roof:

Turn the hand wheel anti-clockwise to give the

desired opening.

To CLOSE the roof:

Turn the hand wheel clockwise until resistance

is felt.

To REMOVE the roof:

Open the sunroof fully and push the catch (1)

rearwards to disengage the hand wheel

mechanism.

Remove the sunroof by tilting upwards and

lifting rearwards to disengage the locating

lugs.

WARNING

DO NOT store the sunroof loose in the

vehicle.

DO NOT allow passengers to extend any part

of their bodies through the sunroof while the

vehicle is moving.

DO NOT remove the sunroof whilst the

vehicle is moving.

Refit the sunroof by following the same

procedure in reverse.

Heating & ventilation

Fresh air vents

To open the two vents in the windscreen

frame, push the lever to the right and then

downwards to the desired position and

release.

The temperature of air supplied to the fresh air

vents is not controlled by the heater.

NOTE: For vehicles fitted with an air conditioning system, the location and operation of air vents is

described on a later page (see ’Air conditioning’).

Heating & ventilation

USING YOUR HEATER

Ensure the front grille and the air intake grille

on the front wing are kept clear of

obstructions (especially snow and ice).

The following examples of basic heater

settings are intended as a general guide; the

air distribution, temperature and blower

controls can then be further adjusted to suit

your comfort requirements.

Always remember that full heating is not

available until the engine has reached its

normal operating temperature.

Maximum heating

•Temperature control - fully down.

•Distribution control - midway.

•Fan speed control - fully down.

•Fresh air vents - fully closed.

Demisting and defrosting

•Temperature control - fully down.

•Distribution control - fully up.

•Fan speed control - fully down.

•Fresh air vents - fully open for demisting

(closed for defrosting).

•Opening a window may improve

ventilation.

Maximum ventilation

•Temperature control - fully up.

•Distribution control - fully down.

•Fan speed control - fully down.

•Fresh air vents - fully open.

Air conditioning

CONTROLS

1. On/off blower control

Rotate clockwise to the first position to turn

on the air conditioning. Rotate further

(positions II and III) to increase the flow of

conditioned air from the four vents in the

lower fascia.

NOTE: The air conditioning will only operate

with the engine running.

2. Temperature control

Rotate clockwise (positions I to III) to obtain

progressively cooler air.

Air vents

The four air conditioning vents located in the

lower fascia can be adjusted to suit your

requirements. The adjuster in the centre of

each vent can be used to adjust volume and

direction of air. To cut off the supply of air

from any particular vent, slide the adjuster

fully to the left.

USING THE AIR CONDITIONING (if fitted)

If your vehicle has been fitted with an air

conditioning system, you may find the

following guidelines useful.

Air conditioning provides additional cooling to

the vehicle interior and also reduces the

moisture content of the air.

It is important to keep the windows, sunroof

and fresh air vents closed during operation.

Points to remember:

•If the temperature inside the vehicle is

higher than that outside when you start

the engine, it will take time for the air

conditioning to become fully effective. It is

best to ventilate the vehicle by opening the

windows and setting the controls to

’Maximum cooling’ (see next page). When

the vehicle has been ventilated, close the

windows and set the blower controls for

personal comfort.

•Operating the air conditioning takes power

from the engine and consequently

increases fuel consumption.

•All air conditioning systems need to be

operated for a short while every week

(even in winter) to maintain them in peak

condition.

•The air conditioning system will also

dehumidify air. The surplus water

produced by this process is expelled from

the system via drain tubes beneath the

vehicle. This may result in a small pool of

water forming on the road when the

vehicle is stationary and is not a cause for

concern.

Air conditioning

The following examples of air conditioning

settings are included for your guidance:

NOTE: If air conditioning is to be used,

ensure that the fresh air vents are closed and

that the heater unit controls are set to;

Temperature control - fully up.

Fan speed control - position ’0’.

Distribution control - fully up.

Normal cooling

Temperature control - set to positions I or II.

Blower control - set to desired speed.

Maximum cooling

Temperature control - set to position III.

Blower control - set to position III

SECTION 3

Driving & operating

Section Contents Page

Starter switch & steering lock 47....................

Starting & driving 48......................................

Fuel 55............................................................

Gearbox & transmission 59............................

Brakes 64.......................................................

Traction control 68.........................................

Towing & load carrying 69.............................

Emergency starting 72....................................

Vehicle recovery 74........................................

Ancillary equipment 76...................................

Starter switch & steering lock

To unlock the steering column

Insert the ignition key FULLY and turn the

starter switch to position ’I’, while turning the

steering wheel slightly to disengage the lock.

To lock the steering column

Turn the starter switch to position ’0’ and

withdraw the key from the starter switch. Turn

the steering wheel towards the straight ahead

position until the lock engages.

WARNING

DO NOT remove the key or turn the starter

switch to position ’0’ while the vehicle is in

motion. Once the steering lock is engaged,

it is impossible to steer the vehicle.

STARTER SWITCH

The starter switch is located to the left of the

steering column, and uses the following

sequence of key positions to operate the

steering lock, electrical circuits and starter

motor.

Position ’0’

Steering locked (if key is removed).

Most lighting circuits are operational,

including: sidelights, headlights, hazard

warning lights and rear fog guard lights.

Position ’I’

Steering unlocked.

Radio/cassette player can be operated.

Position ’II’

All instruments, warning lights and electrical

circuits are operational.

Position ’III’

Starter motor operates.

Release the key immediately the engine starts

(the key will automatically return to position

’II’).

Note that operation of position ’I’ electrical

functions will be interrupted during engine

cranking.

Starting & driving

STARTING - DIESEL ENGINES

1. Check that the handbrake is applied and

that the gear lever is in neutral.

2. Switch off all unnecessary electrical

equipment.

3. Insert the starter key and turn the switch

to position ’II’. Wait until the glow plug

warning light extinguishes.

NOTE: When restarting a warm engine, it will

not be necessary to wait for the glow plug

warning light to extinguish.

4. Turn the key to position ’III’ to operate the

starter motor; DO NOT press the

accelerator pedal during starting, and

RELEASE THE KEY as soon as the engine

is running.

NOTE: In temperate climates, the battery

charging and oil pressure warning lights

should extinguish as soon as the engine is

running.

In cold weather, or when the battery is in a

low state of charge, depress the clutch pedal

while starting and hold it down until the

engine is running.

In temperate climates, DO NOT operate the

starter for longer than 10 seconds; if the

engine fails to start, switch off and wait 10

seconds before re-using the starter. Please

note that prolonged use of the starter will not

only discharge the battery but may also

damage the starter motor.

Starting & driving

Cold climates

In very cold climates, the battery charging and

oil pressure warning lights may take several

seconds to extinguish. Similarly, engine

cranking times will also increase; at -30 C the°

starter motor may need to be operated

continuously for as long as 30 seconds before

the engine will start. For this reason, ensure

that all non-essential electrical equipment is

switched off.

Warming up

In the interests of fuel economy, it is advisable

to start driving straight away, remembering

that harsh acceleration or labouring the engine

before the normal operating temperature has

been reached can damage the engine.

WARNING

The engine must not be run above fast idle

speed until the oil pressure warning light

extinguishes to ensure that the engine and

turbo-charger bearings are properly

lubricated before being run at speed.

WARNING

Exhaust fumes contain poisonous

substances which can cause

unconsciousness and may even be fatal.

•DO NOT inhale exhaust gases.

•DO NOT start or leave the engine running

in an enclosed unventilated area, or

drive with the rear door open.

•DO NOT modify the exhaust system from

the original design.

•DO repair exhaust system or body leaks

immediately.

•If you think exhaust fumes are entering

the vehicle have the cause determined

and corrected immediately.

Switching off

To avoid the possibility of damaging the

turbo-charger bearings through inadequate

lubrication, ALWAYS allow the engine to idle

for 10 seconds before switching off. Turn the

engine off by returning the starter switch to

position ’I’ and then position ’0’ to remove

key.

Starting & driving

WARNING

Exhaust fumes contain poisonous

substances which can cause

unconsciousness and may even be fatal.

•DO NOT inhale exhaust gases.

•DO NOT start or leave the engine running

in an enclosed unventilated area, or

drive with the rear door open.

•DO NOT modify the exhaust system from

the original design.

•DO repair exhaust system or body leaks

immediately.

•If you think exhaust fumes are entering

the vehicle have the cause determined

and corrected immediately.

Parking

After bringing the vehicle to a stop, ALWAYS

apply the handbrake and select neutral in the

main gearbox before releasing the foot brake

and switching off the engine.

Switching off

Return the starter switch to position ’I’ and

then to position ’0’ to remove the key.

Starting & driving

EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEM

Land Rover vehicles are fitted with emission

and evaporative control equipment necessary

to meet a number of territorial requirements.

In many countries, it is against the law for

vehicle owners to modify or tamper with

emission control equipment, or to sanction

the unauthorised replacement or modification

of this equipment by a repair shop. In such

cases, the vehicle owner and the repairer may

both be liable for legal penalties.

It is important to remember that all Land

Rover dealers are properly equipped to

perform repairs and to maintain the emission

control system on your vehicle.

IMPORTANT INFORMATION

Vehicle stability

Your vehicle has a higher ground

clearance and, hence, a higher centre of

gravity than ordinary passenger cars, to

enable the vehicle to perform in a wide

variety of different off-road applications.

An advantage of the higher ground

clearance is a better view of the road,

allowing the driver to more easily

anticipate problems. Inexperienced

drivers should take additional care,

remembering that the Defender is not

designed for cornering at the same speed

as conventional passenger cars, any more

than a low slung sports car is designed to

perform satisfactorily in off-road

conditions. As with other vehicles of this

type, failure to operate the Defender

correctly may result in loss of control or

even vehicle rollover.

Vehicle height

The overall height of your vehicle exceeds

that of ordinary passenger cars. Always

be aware of the height of your vehicle and

check available headroom before driving

through low entrances. This is particularly

important if the vehicle is fitted with a

roof rack or if a sunroof is open.

Fuel

Fuel filling

To unlock the fuel cap;

1. Insert the key and turn it 90 clockwise.°

2. Turn the key back to the vertical and then

remove.

The cap should then be unscrewed gradually

(see Warning below).

WARNING

To avoid any sudden discharge of fuel

caused by excessive air pressure, the cap is

designed to allow the fuel tank to vent

during the first half turn. DO NOT fully

remove the cap until pressure has been

released.

Filling station pumps are equipped with

automatic cut-off sensing to avoid fuel

spillage - only fill the tank until the filler nozzle

automatically shuts off. DO NOT attempt to fill

the tank beyond this point or spillage could

result due to expansion of the fuel.

WARNING

DO NOT fully fill the tank if the vehicle is to

be parked on a slope in direct sunlight or

high ambient temperature - expansion of the

fuel could cause spillage.

When replacing the fuel cap, turn it clockwise

until the cap clicks at least three times - this

locks the cap (the key is not needed).

SAFETY ON THE FORECOURT

Petroleum gases are highly inflammable

and in confined spaces are also explosive.

Always take sensible precautions when

refuelling:

• Switch off the engine.

•Do not smoke or use a naked flame

or light.

•Take care not to spill fuel.

•Do not overfill the tank.

Fuel

FUEL CUT-OFF SWITCH

(Td5 models only)

The fuel cut-off switch is a safety device

which, in the event of a collision or sudden

impact, automatically cuts off the fuel supply

to the engine.

The switch is located on the engine

compartment bulkhead. After an impact, the

switch must be reset by pressing the rubber

top (arrowed in illustration) before the engine

can be restarted.

WARNING

ALWAYS check for fuel leaks before

resetting the switch!

Gearbox & transmission

USING THE TRANSFER GEARBOX

With the vehicle stationary and the engine

running, depress the clutch and then move

the lever fully forward (or backwards) in TWO

distinct but positive moves - ’high to

neutral’.... ’neutral to low’ (or vice versa).

If there is resistance to the gear engaging, do

not force the lever. Instead, with the main

lever in gear, release the clutch momentarily

and then try again.

Changing from low to high on the move:

Changing from ’L’ (low) to ’H’ (high) can be

achieved without stopping the vehicle, as

follows:

1. Apply slight backward pressure to the

transfer gear lever in preparation for

changing.

2. Then, in three simultaneous moves,

depress the clutch, release the accelerator

and pull the transfer lever into neutral.

3. Release the clutch pedal for approximately

3 seconds before depressing it again and

moving the transfer lever firmly into the

high position.

4. Finally, select a suitable main gear, release

the clutch and continue driving in the

normal way.

NOTE: After a little practice, this operation

can be carried out smoothly and quickly by

using firm, positive moves.

Gearbox & transmission

THE DIFFERENTIAL LOCK

Unlike many four wheel drive vehicles, all

Land Rover vehicles have permanent four

wheel drive. This is achieved by the inclusion

of a lockable differential between the front and

rear drive shafts. With the differential locked,

the drive shafts to front and rear axles are (in

effect) joined together, causing both to rotate

at the same speed. This is a normal feature

with all four wheel drive vehicles and

enhances traction on difficult off-road

surfaces. However, with the differential

unlocked the different running requirements

of the two axles can be accommodated,

thereby enabling Land Rover vehicles to

operate permanently in four wheel drive for

both road AND off-road use.

Selecting diff lock

The diff lock can be engaged or disengaged

either with the vehicle stationary, or when

driving at any road speed. However, with the

vehicle in motion it is ESSENTIAL to be

travelling on firm ground, in a straight line,

and without wheel slip.

WARNING

DO NOT engage the diff lock if one or more

wheels are slipping - this could damage the

transmission. If wheels are slipping, ease

off the accelerator before engaging the diff

lock.

DO NOT engage the diff lock from the

transfer neutral position.

To lock the differential:

Briefly ease the throttle and move the transfer

gear lever to the left - from either ’H’ (high) or

’L’ (low) position (the warning light on the

instrument panel will illuminate).

To unlock the differential:

Move the transfer gear lever to the right - to

either ’H’ (high) or ’L’ (low) position as

required; when the diff lock disengages the

warning light will extinguish.

Brakes

BRAKING SYSTEM

The hydraulic braking system operates

through dual circuits; if one circuit should fail,

the other will continue to function. However,

in the event of a brake failure where only one

circuit is operational, the vehicle should only

be driven at slow speed to the nearest

qualified dealer. In these circumstances,

exercise extreme caution and be aware that

much greater pedal effort and longer stopping

distances will be required.

The braking system is servo assisted. This

means that if the engine stops running, all

servo assistance will be lost, requiring greater

pedal effort and resulting in longer stopping

distances.

Brake pads

Brake pads require a period of bedding in. You

should avoid heavy braking, except in

emergencies, for at least the first 800 km (500

miles).

Remember that regular servicing is vital to

ensure that the brake pads are examined for

wear and changed periodically to ensure long

term safety and optimum performance.

Brake warning light

If the warning light on the instrument panel

illuminates while driving, and the handbrake is

fully released, a fault with the braking system

is indicated. Check the brake fluid level; if the

light continues to illuminate, seek qualified

assistance before continuing.

WARNING

DO NOT rest your foot on the brake pedal

while travelling, as this may overheat the

brakes, reduce their efficiency and cause

excessive wear.

NEVER move a vehicle without the engine

running because braking assistance will not

be available. The pedal brakes will still

function, but more pressure will be

required.

ALWAYS take particular care when being

towed with the engine turned off.

If the brake warning light should illuminate

while the vehicle is in motion, bring the

vehicle to a halt as quickly as traffic

conditions and safety permit and seek

qualified assistance before continuing - DO

NOT pump the brake pedal. If the brake

pedal is pumped, the braking system may

lose any remaining assistance available.

Wet conditions

Driving through water or even very heavy rain

may adversely affect braking efficiency.

Always dry the braking surfaces by

intermittent light application of the brakes,

first ensuring that you are at a safe distance

from other road users.

Brakes

HANDBRAKE

Unlike most other vehicles, the handbrake

operates on the rear propeller shaft, and NOT

on the road wheels. This may result in slight

movement of the vehicle after the handbrake

is applied.

To engage the handbrake, depress the button

and pull the lever up.

To release, pull the lever up slightly, depress

the button and lower the lever.

Always apply the handbrake fully whenever

you park.

When parking on a slope, do not rely on the

handbrake alone to hold the vehicle, park in a

low forward gear when facing uphill and in

reverse gear when facing downhill. For extra

security on steep slopes, move the transfer

lever into low range or engage the diff lock.

WARNING

DO NOT apply the handbrake while the

vehicle is in motion as this could result in

loss of vehicle control and damage to the

transmission.

DO NOT rely on the handbrake to operate

effectively if the vehicle has been subjected

to immersion in mud and water (see

’Off-road driving’).

Traction control

ELECTRONIC TRACTION CONTROL

(if fitted)

The purpose of electronic traction control is to

aid traction when one wheel spins while the

other still has good grip, eg. if one side of the

vehicle is on ice and the other is on tarmac.

The system works by applying the brake to a

spinning wheel in order to transfer torque to

the other side of the axle.

NOTE: Traction control only operates below

approximately 30 mph (50 km/h).

The instrument panel has a traction control

warning light (TC) which illuminates whenever

the system is active (for a minimum of 2

seconds) and also illuminates as a bulb check

(for approximately 4 seconds) when the

starter switch is turned to position ’II’. In the

unlikely event that traction control operates

continuously for too long (in excess of

approximately 1 minute), then the control unit

shuts down to allow cooling and the warning

light flashes for at least ten seconds.

If there is a fault with the system, then the

warning light will illuminate continuously -

contact your dealer at the earliest opportunity.

The long-term safety, reliability and

performance of your vehicle will depend very

largely on how well it is maintained.

Maintenance is the owner’s responsibility and

it is ESSENTIAL that all routine services are

carried out at the specified intervals. These are

shown in the Service Portfolio book included

in the literature pack. The Service Portfolio

book also includes service record dockets,

which must be correctly endorsed by your

Land Rover dealer at the conclusion of each

service.

This section of the handbook includes

information to assist the owner carry out

those daily, weekly and monthly checks that

are also necessary to ensure safe, reliable

motoring.

SECTION 4

Owner maintenance

Section Contents Page

Owner maintenance 81...................................

Safety in the garage 83...................................

Bonnet opening 84.........................................

Engine compartment 86.................................

Tyres 98.........................................................

Washer jets & wiper blades 100.....................

Battery 101.....................................................

Wheel changing 105.......................................

Wading plugs 112..........................................

Fuses 113.......................................................

Bulb replacement 116.....................................

Cleaning & vehicle care 121............................

Owner maintenance

Planned maintenance

Regular systematic maintenance is the key to

ensuring the continued reliability and

efficiency of your vehicle.

The routine maintenance requirements for

your vehicle are shown in the Service Portfolio

book. Most of this necessary workshop

maintenance requires specialised knowledge

and equipment, and should preferably be

entrusted to your Land Rover dealer.

Emission control

Your vehicle is fitted with various items of

emission and evaporative control equipment

designed to meet specific territorial

requirements.

You should be aware that unauthorised

replacement, modification or tampering with

this equipment by an owner or repair shop,

may be unlawful and subject to legal penalties.

In addition, engine settings must not be

tampered with. These have been established

to ensure that your vehicle complies with

stringent exhaust emission regulations.

Incorrect engine settings may adversely affect

exhaust emissions, engine performance and

fuel consumption, as well as causing high

temperatures, which will result in damage to

the vehicle.

Road testing on dynamometers

(’rolling roads’)

WARNING

Because your vehicle is equipped with

permanent four-wheel drive, it is essential

that any dynamometer testing is carried out

ONLY by a qualified person familiar with the

dynamometer testing and safety procedures

practised by Land Rover dealers. Contact

your Land Rover dealer for further

information.

Bonnet opening

Prop stay

(Td5 models)

Unclip the stay from the bonnet locking

platform and fit the stay in the corresponding

slot in the underside of the bonnet.

Scissor action stay

Raise the bonnet until the stay fully extends.

Release the bonnet, ensuring that the stay

locks into position.

Closing the bonnet

After closing the bonnet, check that the lock is

fully engaged by attempting to lift the front

edge of the bonnet. This should be free from

all movement.

Engine compartment

Td5 diesel engine

ENGINE OIL LEVEL-CHECK & TOP-UP

Check the oil level at least every 400 km

(250 miles) when the engine is HOT and with

the vehicle resting on level ground.

Switch off the engine and let the vehicle stand

for five minutes to allow the oil to drain back

into the sump. Withdraw the dipstick and wipe

the blade clean and then fully reinsert the

dipstick and withdraw again to check the level,

which should NEVER be allowed to fall below

the lower mark on the dipstick.

To top-up, unscrew the oil filler cap and add

oil to maintain the level between the UPPER

and LOWER marks on the dipstick.

NOTE: On Td5 models, it is necessary to

remove the access flap before topping-up - lift

the release tab (see illustration).

Tdi diesel engine

DO NOT OVERFILL!

As a general guide, if the level on the dipstick:

•is nearer to the upper mark than the lower,

add no oil.

•is nearer to the lower mark than the upper,

add half a litre of oil.

•is below the lower mark, add one litre of

oil and re-check the level after a further

five minutes.

NOTE: If it is necessary to check the oil level

when the engine is cold, DO NOT start the

engine. Follow the procedure detailed above,

but re-check the oil level as soon as the

engine has reached its normal operating

temperature.

Engine compartment

CLUTCH FLUID TOP-UP

Wipe the filler cap before removing, to prevent

dirt from entering the reservoir. Check the

fluid level and top up if necessary, maintaining

the level approximately 10 mm below the top

of the reservoir, using fluid meeting FMVSS

116 DOT 4 specification. Ensure dirt does not

enter the reservoir while filling.

Use only new fluid from a sealed container

(old fluid from opened containers, or fluid

previously bled from the system must NOT be

used).

DO NOT OVERFILL!

If significant topping up is required, a leak is

indicated - consult your dealer immediately.

WARNING

Clutch fluid will damage painted surfaces;

soak up any spillage with an absorbent cloth

immediately and wash the area with a

mixture of car shampoo and water.

Take care not to spill fluid onto a hot engine

- a fire may result.

Clutch fluid is highly toxic - keep containers

sealed and out of reach of children. If

consumption of fluid is suspected, seek

medical attention immediately.

If clutch fluid should come into contact with

the skin or eyes, rinse immediately with

plenty of water.

Engine compartment

WARNING

Contact your dealer immediately if brake

travel is unusually long or if there is any

appreciable drop in brake fluid.

BRAKE FLUID CHECK

The fluid level will fall slightly during use as a

result of brake pad wear, but should not be

allowed to fall below the ’MIN’ mark. Any

substantial drop in fluid indicates a leak in the

system, in which case the vehicle must NOT

be driven and you should contact your dealer.

With the vehicle on level ground, check the

fluid level at least every week (more frequently

in high mileage or arduous operating

conditions). Check the level visually through

the side of the transparent container without

removing the filler cap.

Topping-up

Wipe the filler cap clean before removing to

prevent dirt from entering the reservoir, then

top up to the ’MAX’ mark using FMVSS 116

DOT 4 fluid.

Use only new fluid from an airtight container

(old fluid from opened containers, or fluid

previously bled from the system must NOT be

used).

DO NOT OVERFILL!

WARNING

DO NOT drive the vehicle with the fluid level

below the ’MIN’ mark.

Brake fluid will damage painted surfaces;

soak up any spillage with an absorbent cloth

immediately and wash the area with a

mixture of car shampoo and water.

Take care not to spill fluid onto a hot engine

- a fire may result.

Brake fluid is highly toxic - keep containers

sealed and out of the reach of children. If

consumption of fluid is suspected, seek

medical attention immediately.

If brake fluid should come into contact with

the skin or eyes, rinse immediately with

plenty of water.

Product specificaties

Merk:	Land Rover
Categorie:	Auto's
Model:	Defender 110 (1999)

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